04. "Iav" yog dab tsi?

Iav yog ib qho tsis-crystalline amorphous khoom uas feem ntau yog pob tshab.   Cov iav muaj ntau cov tswv yim, kev tsim kho, thiab daim ntawv thov zoo nkauj. Cov feem ntau paub, thiab keeb kwm lub hnub nyoog, hom iav yog "silicate tsom iav" raws li cov tshuaj lom neeg compound silica (silicon dioxide, los yog quartz), thawj cov tsev ntawm cov xuab zeb.

Lub sij hawm iav, nyob rau hauv nrov pab, feem ntau yog siv los xa mus tsuas yog hom ntawm cov khoom, uas yog paub los ntawm kev siv raws li qhov rais iav thiab nyob rau hauv iav hwj.   Ntawm cov yeeb yam ntau ntsees uas muaj nyob rau hauv, uas yog glazing thiab thawv iav yog tsim los ntawm ib hom kev hu ua soda-lime glass .

Cov dej qab zib yog li ntawm 75% silicon dioxide (SiO2), sodium oxide (Na2O) los ntawm sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), calcium oxide, kuj hu ua cov kua qaub (CaO), thiab ntau cov khoom me me.