Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv Raw, Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim thiab Xim Txheej Txheem ntawm iav khob?

Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv Raw, Kev Tsim Khoom

thiab Xim Txoj Kev Khob Khob?

 

Abstract

Lub khob khob, raws li lub thawv ntim khoom tsis tseem ceeb rau cov dej haus hauv lub neej txhua hnub, ib txwm yog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshawb fawb kev lag luam hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim khoom, thiab cov txheej txheem xim. Kab lus no ua ntej tshawb txog ntau hom iav raw khoom siv los tsim cov khob khob, xws li dej qab zib txiv qaub iav, siab borosilicate iav, tempered iav, thiab lead-free crystal iav. Nws txheeb xyuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua hom iav raw khoom. Qhov thib ob, tsab xov xwm tseem muab cov ncauj lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khob khob thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua cov xim, aiming muab cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev tsim kho lub khob khob kev lag luam.

 

KEYWORDS:khob khob, raw khoom, txheej txheem tsim, xim txoj kev

 

Taw qhia

Raws li lub thawv ntim khoom siv dav siv rau cov dej haus, kev nyab xeeb, ruaj khov, thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm khob khob yeej ib txwm muaj kev txhawj xeeb heev. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau, lub khob khob kev lag luam tseem niaj hnub tsim kho tshiab, tshawb nrhiav tshiab iav raw cov ntaub ntawv, tsim cov txheej txheem, thiab xim txheej txheem kom tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam.

iav Raw Khoom

 

Hauv kev tsim cov khob khob, kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws txiav txim siab qhov kev ua tau zoo, qhov tsos, thiab kev siv lub khob khob. Cov nram qab no yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov yam ntxwv, thiab kev siv ntawm plaub feem ntau siv raw cov ntaub ntawv: soda txiv qaub iav, siab borosilicate iav, tempered iav, thiab lead-free crystal iav.

 

Soda txiv qaubiav

 

Muaj pes tsawg leeg: dej qab zib txiv qaub iav yog tsim los ntawm silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, thiab sodium oxide. Ntawm lawv, silicon dioxide yog lub ntsiab ntawm iav, muab cov qauv yooj yim thiab hardness ntawm iav.

 

Yam ntxwv ntawm soda txiv qaub iav khob:

 

Tus nqi tsim nyog: Nws cov ntaub ntawv raw yog ib txwm muaj thiab pheej yig, thiab cov txheej txheem ua ntau yam, ua rau nws rov ua dua tshiab, muab cov khob dej qab zib lime khob rau qee tus nqi kom zoo dua thiab siv dav hauv lub neej txhua hnub thiab kev tsim khoom.

Kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj zoo: Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qee yam tshuaj lom neeg corrosion thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo rau cov dej haus thiab khoom noj txhua hnub.

Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thermal: Haum rau txhua hnub haus dej sov lossis dej txias, nws yooj yim tawg thaum raug kub heev lossis kub kub.

Lub zog qis: Nws qhov kev tiv thaiv kev poob siab yog qhov tsis zoo, nws yooj yim tawg, thiab nws txoj kev nyab xeeb yog qis dua.

Daim ntaub ntawv: dej qab zib txiv qaub khob khob yog siv dav hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv niaj hnub, xws li iav fwj, iav hub, iav vases, thiab lwm yam, thiab qee cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

 

Siab borosilicateiav

 

Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav borosilicate iav yog silicon dioxide, boron oxide, thiab sodium oxide, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntsiab lus boron thiab silicon hauv cov iav borosilicate siab yog qhov siab, feem ntau boron: (12.5 ~ 13.5)%, silicon: (78 ~ 80%). Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm boron oxide yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov iav borosilicate siab, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov iav thermal stability, tshuaj stability thiab txhua yam muaj zog.

 

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm siab borosilicate iav khob:

Kev tiv thaiv zoo rau qhov kub thiab txias: Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau cua sov lossis muaj cov kua dej kub. Nws tsis yooj yim tawg thaum raug txias lossis cua sov, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv microwave, qhov cub, thiab tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.

Kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj muaj zog: Nws muaj kev ua siab ntev rau cov kua qaub, alkali thiab lwm yam tshuaj, thiab tsis yooj yim corroded.

Lub zog siab thiab siab pob tshab: Nws muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo thiab tsis tshua muaj kev tawg.

Daim ntaub ntawv: Hauv qhov sib piv, cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov iav borosilicate siab dua, thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv rooj tog, cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj, thiab cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag, thiab lwm yam.

Tempered iav

 

Composition: Tempered iav muaj qhov sib xws rau cov iav zoo tib yam, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem tempering tshwj xeeb ntawm cov iav zoo tib yam. Nws yog feem ntau rhuab mus rau lub softening point, ces sai sai thiab tusyees txias, thiaj li hais tias lub iav nto ntaub ntawv compressive kev nyuaj siab thiab sab hauv cov ntaub ntawv tensile kev nyuaj siab, yog li zoo heev txhim kho lub iav lub zog thiab stability.

 

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tempered iav khob:

Kev cuam tshuam muaj zog: Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam sab nraud muaj zog thiab tsis tshua muaj kev tawg yooj yim.

Zoo heev thermal poob siab tsis kam: Nws muaj qhov ua siab ntev rau qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv thiab qhov kub siab tshaj plaws yog tsis ntau tshaj 300 degree.

 

Lub zog siab: Nws muaj zog dua li iav zoo tib yam thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua.

Tab sis tus nqi siab dua thiab qhov hnyav hnyav dua, uas tsis yooj yim rau kev nqa txhua hnub.

Daim ntaub ntawv: tempered iav kuj tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho, kev thauj mus los, rooj tog zaum, hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam, xws li iav kev nyab xeeb, iav iav iav, rooj tog iav, thiab lwm yam.

 

Lead-free crystal iav

Muaj pes tsawg leeg: tsis muaj txhuas thiab barium-dawb crystal iav muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Cov iav siv lead ua tsis muaj txhuas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm silicon, potassium, calcium, sodium thiab lwm yam alkali lossis alkaline ntiaj teb hlau oxides. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog silicon dioxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, sodium oxide, thiab lwm yam.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hmoov lead-dawb crystal iav khob:

Crystal ntshiab: siab transparency, siab refractive index, thiab zoo nkauj luster thiab zoo nkauj.

Tsis muaj zog hauv lub zog: Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam.

Tus nqi kuj yog siab heev.

Daim ntaub ntawv: Cov iav tsis muaj lead-dawb siv lead ua feem ntau yog siv los ua ntau yam khoom siv tes ua thiab kho kom zoo nkauj, xws li iav iav, vases, lub thawv nyiaj hniav kub, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau qee lub tsev siab thiab cov rooj tog kho kom zoo nkauj.

 

MCov txheej txheem tsim khoom

Tes tshuab

Tes tshuab yog ib qho ntawm txoj kev ua iav tsoos thiab cov txheej txheem qub tshaj plaws. Cov txheej txheem yog qhov yooj yim, tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tshuab lub khob molten rau hauv pwm los ua cov khob khob.

Qhov zoo: Cov khob khob khob tes tau qis dua cov nqi tsim khoom thiab hais txog cov khoom siv tes ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev pom tseeb ntawm cov duab thiab cov khoom siv. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv tsim thiab tus kheej tsim kom tau raws li ntau haiv neeg cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.

Disadvantages: Kev ceev yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm, nrog kev tsim khoom tsawg thiab tus nqi siab. Cov duab yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tswj, txwv los ntawm cov kws ua haujlwm qib kev txawj ntse, thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau kev tsim khoom loj.

Lamp ua haujlwm

 

Lub teeb ua haujlwm yog cov txheej txheem ua iav qub uas cov iav tau rhuab mus rau lub xeev molten ces manipulated los ntawm rub, tshuab, tawg, thiab gluing los tsim ib tug sai sai. Cov txheej txheem tso cai rau cov iav kom tswj tau thiab zoo li txhua lub sijhawm, thiab tseem tso cai rau cov iav pas nrig kom rov ua dua, ncab, sib tw, thiab qhwv los tsim kev muaj peev xwm tsis kawg rau kev tsim kho tshiab. Lub teeb ua haujlwm borosilicate iav kuj tuaj yeem ua rau ob txheej txheej.

Tshuabpressing

 

Qhov no yog ib txoj kev tsim khoom siv los ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub hauv kev tsim cov khob khob khoom. Nws siv cov pwm los nias lub iav molten rau hauv cov duab uas xav tau,

Qhov zoo: Kev ua haujlwm siab ntau lawm, cov nqi tsim khoom qis dua piv rau cov khoom siv phau ntawv, ua rau cov nqi muag qis dua. Lub khob lub cev yog qhov tseeb, thiab qhov zoo sib xws ntawm lub khob yog qhov zoo.

Qhov tsis zoo: Qhov kev xav thiab kov ntawm lub khob yog me ntsis qis dua rau lub khob khob, thiab nws hnyav dua me ntsis. Cov kev xav tau siab rau kev tsim thiab tsim qauv, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev hloov pauv ntau. Loj yam tsawg kawg nkaus txiav txim kom muaj nuj nqis.

Xim txoj kev

 

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua cov xim ntawm cov khob khob, thiab cov hauv qab no yuav qhia ntau txoj hauv kev ua, suav nrog cov iav xim, tshuaj tsuag xim, thiab thermal txau.

 

Khoom colorgtus poj niam

 

Khoom xim iav hais txog iav nws tus kheej nrog xim. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog ntxiv cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog rau cov iav molten raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab sib tov lawv tusyees ua ntej shaping iav rau hauv ntau yam duab. Khoom xim iav muaj xim zoo ib yam thiab ntuj, nrog rau kev nyab xeeb siab, ruaj khov, thiab kav ntev.

Txau-xim

 

Txau-xim yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau xim khob khob. Tom qab lub khob khob tau tsim, cov xim tsim nyog raug xaiv thiab txau tusyees ntawm lub khob khob siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb txau. Tom qab ntawd, annealing lossis lwm yam txheej txheem yog siv los ua cov pigments nruj nreem khi rau saum lub khob khob. Txoj kev ua no tuaj yeem hloov kho ntau yam xim thiab cov qauv, muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis, thiab tsim rau me me-batch ntau lawm thiab tus kheej customization.

Thermal txau

 

Qhov no yog txheej txheem uas cov khoom siv molten txheej yog txau rau ntawm lub khob iav los ntawm kev kub ceev cua thaum nyob rau hauv lub xeev molten. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem thermal txau, cov txheej txheem sib txawv tuaj yeem xaiv tau raws li qhov xav tau kom tau txais cov xim sib txawv, qib gloss, thiab cov khoom. Thermal spraying muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheej, muaj zog sib txuas, hnav tsis kam, thiab corrosion kuj, thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khob iav high-end thiab kev kho kom ruaj khov.

Peb txoj kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau khob khob no muaj lawv tus yam ntxwv. Txoj kev tsim nyog yuav raug xaiv raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom. Lub caij no, nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm thev naus laus zis, cov txheej txheem tshiab thiab cov thev naus laus zis yuav tshwm sim, muab ntau txoj hauv kev rau cov xim ua cov khob khob.

 

Xaus

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub khob khob kev lag luam tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev nruam nruam. Cov khoom sib txawv, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, thiab cov txheej txheem ua xim muab cov khob khob sib txawv, kev zoo nkauj, thiab kev ua tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb yuav txuas ntxiv tshawb fawb hauv kev lag luam iav kom tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev lag luam yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev noj qab haus huv, thiab lwm yam teeb meem los txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam.