Cov nyhuv ntawm Cov iav tawg ntawm iav npaj txheej txheem thiab cov khoom

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: cullet, zog noj, melting kub, khoom

 

1. Lus qhuab qhia

 

Cov iav tawg yog hais txog cov iav uas tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no,

kev ua los yog siv cov txheej txheem tom qab melting ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem molding thiab txias.

Nws yuav yog fragmented los yog holistic. Vim hais tias ntawm cov txheej txheem iav sib txawv, yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom iav hauv cov iav ntau lawm thiab cov txheej txheem yuav ua rau cov iav tawg. Vim yog cov zis loj ntawm phaj

iav nyob rau hauv lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam thiab cov khoom ib leeg, tus nqi rov qab yog siab heev [1,2] .Cov iav khoom nyob rau hauv lub teeb kev lag luam vim txawv cov duab, tsis tshua muaj tso zis thiab complex rov qab, xws li qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov iav tawg ntawm ntau iav. cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no.

Table 1 Lub ntsiab qhov chaw thiab proportions ntawm tawg iav ntawm txawv iav

Hom iav	Lub ntsiab qhov chaw	Qhov tshwm sim tawg iav piv yog /%	lus hais
cov khoom siv hauv tsev	Qhov tawg	15 ~50	Tus nqi tsim nyog yog tsawg
lub raj mis thiab cov kaus poom	Lub raj mis lub qhov ncauj thiab tsim nyog tus nqi	10 ~15	Qhov tsim nyog tus nqi siab heev
hluav taws xob qhov kaj	Hloov lub qhov ncauj thiab sab nraud	15 ~35
Dej laum series	Fly ntug thiab grind txiav	30 ~50	Kaw pwm seam
tej iav		10 ~30	Tus nqi tsim nyog yog siab
Microcrystallin thiab iav phaj	Txiav ciam teb thiab tsim nyog tus nqi	20 ~50

Vim tias qhov tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm cov iav tawg hauv cov khoom siv raw yuav pab ua kom cov iav, vim qhov

Cov iav tawg tuaj yeem yaj ntawm cov av qis dua piv nrog lwm cov khoom siv raw. Vim tias kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov iav fwj yuav tsum tau muaj cua sov tsawg, thiab lub tshuab ua kom sov lub cev kuj tuaj yeem txo qis. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nws ua tau thiab

tsim nyog ntxiv ib qho kev faib ua feem ntawm cov iav tawg hauv cov txheej txheem iav, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev siv cov iav siv dua tshiab thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Tam sim no, 20% tawg iav yog

feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim iav los txhawb lub melting ntawm iav thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws tov nrog quartz xuab zeb, dej qab zib tshauv thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv raw.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov iav tawg yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv impurities qhia hauv cov txheej txheem iav melting, xws li Fe thiab Al, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm iav. Ntxiv mus, lead iav thiab nrhiav kom pom ntawm arsenic iav yog ib qho yooj yim rau muab sib xyaw rau hauv lub

rov qab los ntawm cov iav tawg, yog li kev saib xyuas thiab nrhiav kom pom cov iav tawg yog qhov tsim nyog heev. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev siv cov iav tawg, yuav tsum tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm kev saib xyuas cov iav tawg thiab kev tshawb pom sai

tsim los txhim kho tus nqi siv ntawm cov iav tawg.

 

2. Kev faib tawm ntawm kev tawg g lass

Muaj ntau ntau hom iav tawg muab faib raws li nws cov khoom. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, raws li cov

sib txawv ntawm cov iav tawg, nws muab faib ua cov iav tawg, ua tiav cov iav tawg thiab

rov siv dua cov iav tawg. Peb hom iav tawg no yog tsim tom qab ntau lawm, ua thiab siv,

raws. Xws li kev tsim cov iav tawg yog cov khoom siv lub taub hau, scraps, khib nyiab online, thiab lwm yam, thiab kev ua cov iav tawg yog tsuas yog tom qab sib tsoo, txiav thiab lwm yam khoom siv ntawm cov iav tawg. Thiab

recycled tawg iav feem ntau yog siv cov khoom iav hauv lub neej. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tau qhia hauv cov lus hauv qab no.

	Kev tsim cov iav tawg	Kev ua haujlwm tawg iav	Rov ua dua tawg iav	lus hais
cov ntsiab lus impurity	qis	siab dua	siab dua
nqi- rov zoo	qis	qis	siab
Qhov tseeb tus nqi rov qab	siab heev	siab dua	qis
Seb puas yuav tshem tau hlau	tsis- qhov tseem ceeb	xav tau	qhov tseem ceeb
Major daim ntawv thov kev lag luam	Tag nrho kev lag luam	iav, hluav taws xob teeb, qhov chaw, mis nyuj dawb iav	iav lub raj mis

 

3. Cov teebmeem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawg g lass

 

3.1 Cov nyhuv ntawm tawg g lass ntawm g lass melting kub thiab lub zog noj

Cov iav tawg yog cov iav uas twb yaj lawm, yog li nws tsis tas yuav mus dhau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov siab

kub, uas txo lub zog noj ntawm cov txheej txheem melting, thiab tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ntawm melting

nyob rau hauv tej yam xwm txheej. Muaj ib qho xwm txheej heev nyob rau hauv qhov kev hwm uas yog fiberglass crucible rauv. Tam sim no, muaj ob hom iav fiber ntau ntau lawm, ib qho yog pas dej ua ke rauv, siv compound kub

txheej txheem melting; lwm qhov yog crucible cub, nrog iav pob. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam, 30% ntawm cov iav tawg tuaj yeem txo cov iav melting kub li ntawm 10 ~ 20 degree.

Vim tias cov iav tawg tsis tsuas yog tsis xav tau lub zog noj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis kuj yog

thermal conductivity ntawm cov iav tawg yog siab tshaj qhov sib tov, yog li lub zog noj yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub

txheej txheem melting yog tsawg. Raws li cov theoretical zog noj ntawm cov iav melting txheej txheem, tus sau yuav s ~ een tias tsuas yog cov tshuaj zog, kev siv ntawm 20% tawg iav yuav txo tau lub melting zog noj li ntawm 3 4%. Xav txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li thermal conductivity thiab homogenization, lub zog tiag tiag

txuag cov nyhuv tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 5%.

 

3.2 Cov nyhuv ntawm tawg g lass ntawm g lass zog

Cov iav tawg muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau cov tsos ntawm iav. Xws li cov nyhuv ntawm cov iav tawg ntawm iav

npuas, pob zeb thiab kab txaij. Yog tias cov iav tawg loj dua thiab ntau dua, nws yuav tsim cov kab txaij vim nws tsis tuaj yeem ua kom zoo nrog cov sib tov.

Cov iav tawg muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom ntawm iav, uas yog feem ntau cuam tshuam

nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no yam. Thawj yog qhov kev hloov ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Rau tib cov qauv ntawm cov iav tawg, vim qhov kub kub melting, piv nrog cov tshiab complex, cov iav tawg muaj ntau yam.

Cov khoom siv refractory, electrodes, roj thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke qhia los ntawm melting ntawm impurities. Xws li ZrO 2 nyob rau hauv lub iav complex

Cov ntsiab lus feem ntau tsis ntau tshaj 10ppm, tab sis cov iav tawg feem ntau yog 50ppm, thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no.

 

Table 3 Kev sib piv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov sib tov thiab cov iav tawg

keeb	Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw	Cov ntsiab lus iav tawg	Lub ntsiab qhov chaw
Z r	10 p.m ib	50 ppm	refractory
M o	<1ppm	Txog 10 p.m	electrode
Fe	100 ppm	1000 ppm	Sib tov cov khoom, cov ntaub ntawv refractory
S	<5ppm	30 m np	roj

 

Qhov thib ob, nws cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab kho qhov muag ntawm iav. Vim yog rov siv cov iav tawg,

qhov nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus impurity yuav txo qhov kev sib khi ntawm [SiO 4] tetrahedral network, uas ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv cov iav brittleness. Tsis tas li ntawd, impurities yuav ua rau iav tam sim no a

qee yam xim, uas yuav tsum tau txhim kho cov xim dawb los ntawm cov xim ntxiv, tab sis qhov kev xa tawm tau txo qis.

3.3 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm granularity ntawm tawg g lass ntawm cov txheej txheem melting

Lub granularity ntawm cov iav tawg kuj muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem melting. Yog hais tias lub granularity ntawm tawg

iav yog loj dua, vim hais tias cov iav tawg qhia tias tom qab melting, cov nyhuv tiv thaiv sab hauv

tawg iav, yooj yim rau cov kab txaij thiab pob zeb. Yog hais tias cov khoom zoo, nws yuav tsim ntau cov hmoov tshauv,

txhim kho qhov nyuaj ntawm kev qhia meej. Thiab qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov iav tawg yuav txo cov roj ntawm cov sib tov, yog li nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm clar iagent kom tsim nyog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov iav tawg tau ntxiv rau hauv qhov cub, ncaj qha muag ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim qhov tshwm sim deg, uas feem ntau hais tias yog "cov plaub hau lub tog raj kheej" tshwm sim. Raws li cov iav ntau yam thiab cov kev xav tau zoo, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm

tawg iav feem ntau tswj tau tsawg dua 5 hli, thiab cov granularity ntawm cov iav tawg ntau tshaj 90% yuav tsum tshaj 0.1 hli.

 

4 Kev xaus

 

Raws li kev thov tiag tiag ntawm cov iav tawg, muaj cov lus qhia hauv qab no:

(1) tawg iav tau

txo melting zog noj, txo tus nqi, yog li, yog tias ua tau, ua kom siv cov iav tawg ua los ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej.

(2) Vim tias cov iav tawg tau melted rau ntau zaus, nws muaj ntau yam impurities vim kev yaig ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov khoom siv refractory, thiab cov nyhuv cumulative yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab kho qhov muag ntawm iav. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov iav tawg yuav tsum raug tswj kom tsim nyog rau cov khoom zoo, thiab kev siv cov iav tawg tuaj yeem tsim nyog rau cov khoom tsis zoo.

(3) Kev siv tus nqi ntawm cov iav tawg yog cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi ntawm cov iav tawg thiab cov kev xav tau zoo ntawm iav.

Feem ntau, yog tias qhov kev xav tau zoo ntawm iav siab dua, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov iav tawg yuav tsum raug tswj tsis pub tshaj 30%. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov teebmeem tshwm sim, cov ntsiab lus impurity yuav tsum tau sim tsis tu ncua lossis tsis siv cov iav tawg.

(4) Cov khoom lag luam uas xav tau zoo yuav tsum sim tsis txhob siv cov iav tawg txawv teb chaws. Yog tias tsim nyog siv tiag tiag, kev faib tawm thiab kev sim ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua kom zoo, thiab kev siv nyiaj yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv 3% nyob rau hauv lem, kom tsis txhob muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej zoo.

 

5 Ref

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