Iav Jar Quality Txheem

Cov thawv iav yog ib qho uas feem ntau siv rau hauv cov zaub mov, cov khoom ntim khoom plig, cov thawv ntim tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg.

Iav thawv ntau lawm cov txheej txheem:

Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov iav khov mas nws muaj cov khoom siv raw ua ntej. Cov kua qaub ntsuab (quartz xuab zeb, dej qab tshauv, limestone, feldspar, etc.) crushed, yog li cov ntaub ntub khoom qhuav, hlau-muaj raw cov ntaub ntawv rau hlau kho kom zoo rau cov iav. Kev npaj ntawm mating cov ntaub ntawv. Cov ntaub qhwv iav hauv lub pas dej ua si los yog pas taws ua kom sov siab rau qhov siab kub txog 1550 ~ 1600 degrees, cua sov, kom tsim kom muaj teebmeem, tsis muaj npuas, thiab ua kom raws li qhov yuav tsum ua rau cov iav iav. Cov kua iav rau hauv cov pwm uas tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv iav, xws li kev sib tsoo, cov tais diav thiab lwm yam kev kho cua sov. Los ntawm kev sib ntxub, quenching thiab lwm yam kev ua rau tshem tawm los yog tsim iav kev ntxhov siab, theem los yog crystallization, thiab hloov cov qauv ntawm lub xeev iav. Cov iav khib nyiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom ntim, khoom plig qhwv, lam ntim, tshuaj ntxuav tais diav.

Cov ntaub ntawv thiab tshuaj muaj pes tsawg Daim iav ntaub iav yog feem ntau 7 mus txog 12 hom khoom siv raw. Qov quartz xuab zeb, dej qab zib, limestone, dolomite, feldspar, borax, lead thiab barium compounds. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov neeg ua hauj lwm clarifying, colorants, cov tshuaj ntxuav muag, opacifiers thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv pov thawj (saib iav). Coarse hais ntawm quartz yog nyuaj rau yaj tag; hais zoo heev nyob rau hauv lub melting txheej txheem thiab nquag scum thiab hmoov av, cuam tshuam lub melting, yooj yim rau ntsaws lub tshuab ua kom hluav taws xob. Qhov phom loj yog 0.25 ~ 0.5 hli. Rau kev siv cov khib nyiab, feem ntau kuj ntxiv tawg iav, qhov ntau yog 20 mus rau 60%, mus txog 90%.

Cov tshuaj iav ntawm iav, raws li kev siv txoj cai, molding txoj kev, molding ceev, txheej txheem tus yam ntxwv thiab ntau yam ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam txawv. Qhov loj feem ntau ntawm cov fwj no yog ua los ntawm cov dej qab ntsev kua txiv silicate. Lub ntsiab ntawm cov kua dej qab ntsev kua iav yog SiO2, Na2O thiab CaO. Qhov qhia txog kev zoo ntawm Al2O3 thiab MgO yuav txo qhov kev xav ntawm lub iav, txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev kho lub zog ntawm iav, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm iav. Feem ntau lub teb chaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm sodium thiab calcium iav tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm iav: SiO270 ~ 74%, CaO thiab MgO10 ~ 14%, Na2O thiab K2O13 ~ 16%, Al2O31.5 ~ 2.5%. Thaum tsim tau lub thawv tsis muaj xim, cov ntsiab lus ntawm Fe2O3 nyob rau hauv cov xuab zeb quartz yog tsawg heev (feem ntau yog li 0.03%). Nyob rau hauv qhov dog dig soda txiv qaub iav, ntxiv Cr2O3 thiab Fe2O3, iav yog emerald ntsuab, ntxiv sulfur - carbon los yog MnO2 thiab Fe2O3, iav yog xim av. Ntim ntawm cov kws kho mob yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj siab ruaj khov thiab ua los ntawm borosilicate iav. Cov tshuaj txhuam hniav zoo nkauj, feem ntau siv txhuas, barium los yog zinc siv lead ua iav, thiab qee yam rau cov iav opaque, feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj fluoride ua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm opacifying.

Kev Cai Zoo Cov iav fwj yuav tsum muaj ib qho kev ua tau zoo thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo.

① iav zoo: dawb huv, tsis muaj gravel, stripes, npuas thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag. Cov xim tsis muaj xim tsis muaj xim zoo nkauj; xim iav tsos nqaij daim tawv tsis meej thiab kev ruaj ntseg, tuaj yeem nqus tau ib lub teeb meem ntawm lub teeb zog.

② lub cev thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj: ib cov degree degree stability, tsis nrog cov khoom nyhuv. Muaj qee qhov teeb meem kev poob siab thiab kev ua hauj lwm muaj zog, tuaj yeem tiv taus, ua kom tsis muaj cua sov thiab lwm yam cua kub, txheej txheem cua txias thiab dov lub filling, cia thiab kev thauj mus los, ntsib kev txhawj xeeb sab hauv thiab sab nraud, kev co, kev poob siab,

③ molding zoo: kom muaj lub peev xwm, qhov nyhav thiab qhov zoo, zoo li lub qhov diav tuab, lub qhov ncauj qhuav, kom ua kom tiav zoo thiab txhuam zoo. Tsis muaj kev sib daj sib deev, saum npoo tsis sib luag, tsis ncaj thiab tawg thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag.